Philosophy And Pedagogy Of Early Childhood â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Philosophy And Pedagogy Of Early Childhood? Answer: Introduction: According to Loris Malaguzzi, the process of learning in the early childhood is largely influenced by the consequences of their own activities assisted by the educators, not as an automatic result of what is taught essentially to the children in school. This idea of the director of preschools of Reggio Emilia in Italy forms the basis of Reggio Emilia approach to early child education and curriculum development. This modern and contemporary concept has been revolutionary in changing the face of early child schooling and introduces the children to the concept of education in the context of interactive and successful team work. So that they can get the opportunity to retain what they learn in the form of innovative actions they perform rather than just memorizing bland textbooks (Ailwood, Boyd Theobald, 2016). This assignment will attempt to outline curriculum development for early child group taking the aid of Reggio Emilia approach. Curriculum development: It has to be understood that in early child education, the children are introduced to the very foundation of education for the very first time; the development of a curriculum in this stage holds crucial importance for the overall intellectual development of the children. The contemporary approach of Reggio Emilia, envisions children as a curious social identity, hence the curriculum designed for each child must be contextual to the specific curiosities and cater to their own interests as well. The curriculum design in the Reggio Emilia has a number of different components, and each component has essential value in the entire process of curriculum development (Ailwood, Boyd Theobald, 2016). The very first component is the image of the child in the eyes of the educator, the educator must view a child as a curious yet intelligent social creature and design the curriculum in a manner that feeds their curiosity and fortifies their intelligence. In the curriculum design the educators mus t take into account the potentials of the children creating a learning environment where the children are liberated to respond appropriately. The second component of the curriculum is incorporating collaboration and interaction, the Reggio Emilia approach is based on relation based teaching and a curriculum based on this approach must incorporate inclusion exponentially (Bour Law, 2014). This contemporary approach of learning forms a link between the children, their families and their educators, so that each member of this team has equal involvement in the learning procedure. In the curriculum development by Reggio Emilia approach, documentation is a crucial part; the educators in this curriculum must document all informational data along with the observation on how the children are progressing, in the form of photographs, videos, transcripts, paintings, etc. In this context it has to be mentioned that it is an emergent kind of curriculum and there must be hundred languages in whic h the children can learn, it can be experience, activity, discussion, team work, playing, constructing, role playing, painting sculpting and what not. The role of the educators is of a co-constructor, researcher, documenter and advocates, all at the same time ensuring the best learning experience for the children (Farquhar White, 2014). Personal evaluation: The early child education model based on Reggio Emilia approach is a pedagogical learning model, that emphasizes on enhancing the intellect and cognitive development of the children by the means of collaborative or mutual experiences and activities. This model bears the link to two exemplary theories of childhood learning, the social learning theory and the theory of cognitive development. According to the former theory, learning is facilitated by observation, imitation and modelling, where as the latter theory speaks of human intelligence development being intricately linked with environment and personal experiences (Harcourt, 2015). This model of learning comprises of emergent curriculum that requires the educators to actively and progressively investigate the individual interests and curiosities of the children, moulding the curriculum activities according to those interests. Hence it can be taken as the most functional and beneficial model for the children considering each child unique and addressing their own characteristics individually (Hong, Shaffer Han, 2017). Recommendation: Although Reggio Emilia model is one of the most used models, it is rarely complied with in entirety (Wien, 2015). Taking my professional enterprise into consideration, the model is not completely followed with. For instance the emergent model or curriculum is not perfectly followed, and the documentation and involvement of families in curriculum development is also absent. A few strategies were implemented to improve the condition such as: Adhering to emergent curriculum by lessening the child : educator ratio by reducing the number of children and giving the opportunity to the educators to evaluate the needs of each child with extreme care and attention. Incorporate mandatory documentation with the help of centralized information storage. Conducting weekly discussion sessions with the parents so that they can be involved in the learning and developmental process of the children equally. Reflection: On a concluding note, I would like to add that the strategies were extremely helpful in improving the curriculum development and educating procedure of the school. Although reduction in the child:educator ratio was not possible given the staffing shortage, but efforts have been made to increase the staffing in the future to implement the strategy effectively. Mandatory documentation helped the educators reflect on their own performance and periodic assessment of the children and their progress was eased. Lastly, weekly meetings with the parents of the children proved extremely beneficial in understanding each child in detail and assess their individual interests with clarity. References: Ailwood, J., Boyd, W., Theobald, M. (2016).Understanding Early Childhood Education and Care in Australia: Practices and Perspectives. Allen Unwin. Retrieved from https://eprints.qut.edu.au/89761 Bour, S., Law, C. E. (2014). Reggio Emilia Teaching Techniques and Documentation within Chicago Public School Special Education. Retrieved from https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/aef2/2042544ab5a061b7d6f83c9f89f145bd4ced.pdf Farquhar, S., White, E. J. (2014). Philosophy and pedagogy of early childhood. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00131857.2013.783964 Harcourt, D. (2015). Nothing without joy: The key principles of the Reggio Emilia approach.Educating Young Children: Learning and Teaching in the Early Childhood Years,21(3), 26. Retrieved from https://search.informit.com.au/documentSummary;dn=844524919256727;res=IELHSS Hong, S. B., Shaffer, L., Han, J. (2017). Reggio Emilia inspired learning groups: Relationships, communication, cognition, and play.Early Childhood Education Journal,45(5), 629-639. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10643-016-0811-0 Wien, C. A. (2015).Emergent curriculum in the primary classroom: Interpreting the Reggio Emilia approach in schools. Teachers College Press. Retrieved from https://books.google.co.in/book

Relative Truth Essays - Epistemology, Truth, Philosophical Logic

Relative Truth One version of relative truth is used when people disagree. A person might say "Well, that may be true for you, but its not true for me." The implication here is often that there is no real truth to the matter but is instead a matter merely of belief. You believe what you want to believe and I'll believe what I want to believe and let's go on our merry way. You can see what a boon to self-deception a mechanism like this could be. You can believe anything and no one would have the right to tell you that you can't rationally believe it. So, one can isolate oneself and one's beliefs from the critical evaluation of others, because what also goes without saying in this framework of relative truth, is that no one besides yourself can tell you what is "true for you". The closest another could come would be to say something like "It's true for me that it's not true for you". This is never actually done in the 'true for me' game. But if it were, then since all that the other would be expressing is what is true for them, even though your beliefs are the subject of their 'truth', there "opinion" has no real importance (except to them). It is only true in their world which is inaccessible to you. You can dismiss it and forget it. We can see that by this view "true for me" just means that I believe it. The word 'true' is in there to give the belief its own legitimacy. You may ask: "What does 'I believe it' mean?". There doesn't seem to be any way of answering this without saying "I believe it to be TRUE". And so we see that for it to mean anything to have a believe, we must already presuppose that there is an actual truth or falsity to the matter that is the subject of the belief. This is another thing denied by the relativists. He often says, there is no real truth, only what is'true for me'. It is as if the relativist by the mere act of believing something can make it true in his/her "reality". And this suggests that everyone has a different reality. Of course, we all have a different concept of reality, but there is only one reality. Thus, the confusion that the relativist makes between belief and truth is mirrored in a confusion between "concept of reality" and "reality". If everyone really does make their own reality, then you are alone in your world and everyone else is your entertaining fiction. You are a solipsist, the only real person in the world. Now this is real isolation. But anyone who tries to think about this in a serious manner, doesn't really believe it. We know, for instance, that a belief can be wrong. If a belief can be wrong, it is because there is a truth out there that the belief conflicts with. If beliefs could never be wrong, there would be no reason to ever change a belief, unless it became clear that something else would be a happier thing to believe. So, most relativists don't believe that 'all truth is relative' but instead that there are some relative truths, especially in those areas where people argue the most: Politics, religion, ethics. But the reasons given above would still apply except to a smaller domain of discourse. And so we can see that if there were any area where the truth of something was just a matter of believing that something, then the legitimacy of that belief is questionable as coherent. If you think it is coherent, then try spelling out the meaning of "It is true for me" and try explaining what information is conveyed by an 'it is true for me' assertion. One might think that it means 'I believe it". But what sense does it make to 'believe it' unless you'believe it is really true'? Thus to hold a belief at all requires the presupposition that there is truth, otherwise the belief would be nothing. If all truth were relative then language would be worthless when attempting to convey information, for that information would only be about "your reality" in which I have no access. But even if only certain areas were the domain of relative truth, then claims in those areas would carry no information, and would be the equivalent of babble. Language would serve no use in that domain of discourse.

Patton World War 2 essays

Patton World War 2 essays After being defeated in World War 1, Germany under new leadership was trying to regain and increase its power. Adolph Hitler had Germany invading surrounding countries trying to build up Germany and unite its people. Great Britain and France were trying to follow the act of appeasement and had allowed Germany to take over parts of Europe. Britain and France had no choice, but to declare war on Germany on September 3, 1939 after Hitler invaded Poland. The Unites States at this time was trying to avoid war by staying neutral, but was forced to sell goods to Great Britain in order for them to survive. The U.S. became involved in the war after they were attacked Japan, allies of Germany, at Pearl Harbor without warning on December 7, 1941. A day later, Germany and its allies declared war on the U.S. This sequence of events is what led the U.S. to becoming involved in World War 2. The Unites States first action in World War 2 took place in North Africa in 1942. General George S. Patton led the U.S. army and General Montgomery led Britains in an attempt to take control of northern Africa. The allies were fighting together under Dwight D. Eisenhower, U.S. President and General. This was important land for many reasons. One was that it would give them land so that they could set up an invasion into Italy which could be used as a backdoor into Europe. The second was that it kept the Mediterranean Sea open as well as the Suez Canal for trade routes. Pattons men were pushed back at first, but he and Montgomery forced the Germans led by Rommel into Tunisia. At Tunisia, the allies attacked from the west and south allowing them to take control of North Africa. The allies managed to take control of North Africa despite their tanks and other fighting machines were inferior at the time. Patton was known as a fighting general who was very confident with himself. He believed that the only way to fight war was to attack, attac...

ch. 27 intro. to music Essays

ch. 27 intro. to music Essays ch. 27 intro. to music Paper ch. 27 intro. to music Paper Essay Topic: Poetry Schumann wrote his song cycle A Poets Love during his year of song, in which he wrote hundreds of Lieder and also married Clara Schumann. True The form of Schuberts Lied Elfking is through-composed. True The song form that combines features of strophic and through-composed forms is called modified strophic. True ____________ is NOT an important composer of nineteenth-century Lieder. Heinrich Heine The favorite subjects for the Romantic poets were: love, longing, and nature. Schubert composed over six hundred Lieder. True Schubert was born in: Vienna Franz Schubert was a thoroughly Romantic composer whose music abandoned the forms and stylistic principles of Classicism. False Schubert lived a tragically short life but was a remarkably prolific composer of: all of the above Schumanns A Poets Love is a: song cycle. Robert Schumann ended his career and life: in an asylum, the result of mental illness. The favorite Romantic poets for the composers of Lieder were: Goethe and Heine. In which form is the Lied Elfking? through-composed A song form in which the same melody is repeated with every stanza of text is called: strophic Goethe and Heine were two of the leading nineteenth-century writers whose poetry was set by Lieder composers. True Schubert organized evening gatherings of artists, writers, and musicians, called: Schubertiads. Which of the following does NOT describe Schumanns In the lovely month of May? It ends with harmonic resolution. Robert Schumanns wife, Clara, was: all of the above A group of Lieder unified by some narrative thread or a descriptive or expressive theme is called: a song cycle. Which of the following was NOT a typical theme of the Romantic Lied? praise of the Virgin Mary Schumann concentrated on intimate piano and vocal works and wrote no symphonies. False A German-texted song with piano accompaniment that sets a short lyric poem is called: a Lied. The rise of the piano as a household instrument influenced the popularity of the Lied. True A song structure that is composed from beginning to end without repetition of whole sections is called: through-composed. A song in which the same melody is repeated with every stanza of the text is in strophic form. True Schumanns In the lovely month of May is from which song cycle? A Poets Love In Schuberts Elfking, the obsessive triplet rhythm of the piano accompaniment represents: the galloping of the horse. Approximately how many songs did Schubert compose? more than 600 The composer who founded the New Journal of Music was: Robert Schumann. Robert Schumanns A Poets Love is set to texts by: Heinrich Heine. A song that is composed from beginning to end without repetitions of whole sections is in strophic form. False What is the form of In the lovely month of May? strophic Which musical devices help to portray the childs terror in Elfking? high range and dissonance The mood of Schumanns In the lovely month of May is joyful and exuberant. False Robert Schumann was married to the gifted pianist and composer Clara Wieck. True Which of the following does NOT describe Schumanns A Poets Love? It tells a detailed story of a lost love. A song form where the main melody is repeated for two or three stanzas but has new or significantly varied material introduced when the text requires it is called: modified strophic. Schuberts prolific output includes works of every major genre. True Schubert wrote several song cycles, including: Winters Journey. In which genre is Schubert NOT indebted to Classical traditions? Lied Schuberts song Elfking was a setting of the ballad written by: Goethe The German term for the art song is: Lied Schumann was a carefree spirit with a happy disposition who lived a long, productive life as a composer. False The poem Elfking was written by Heinrich Heine. False Which of the following is true of Schuberts Elfking? all of the above

Management---IR Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Management---IR - Essay Example It offered them the right to negotiate with the employers, the right to collective bargaining, and allowed for paid parental leaves. Furthermore as a part of reforms, the Rudd government abolished various laws which were detrimental for the workers, such as the Australian Workplace Agreements, which was introduced to restore the workers rights by protecting them against their unfair dismissal by the employers, introduced a new system of awards, ensured its compliance through setting up of appropriate bodies, and appointed an independent workplace monitor, with the responsibility of ensuring fair workplace practices. Furthermore, it also allowed the workers the right to join unions. Thus, the phrase â€Å"Labor’s reforms are about restoring the rights of workers, not the power unions†. Labor’s reforms: The various laws pertaining to federal employment and labour reforms in Australia have been subject to a series of hot debates and controversies, over the last deca de. Historically, laws relating to labour reforms and aimed at protection and safeguarding of labour rights have formed a strong basis for fostering political success and have been a major contributor to the emergence of grass root activism movements within Australia. Similar laws aimed at fuelling wide spread labour reforms were enacted and implement in Australia by the Labor party under the Kevin Rudd and Julia Gillard government, during the 2007 election. These laws were aimed at developing and enhancing industrial relations through the Forward with Fairness policy. This new policy was developed in response to the sharp criticism received by the previous act i.e. the Work Choices legislation which was received with fierce opposition mostly from the unions, as well as from the workers, who were greatly disadvantaged on account of certain terms and conditions included therein (Work Choices Act, 2005). The new policy / laws were proposed in order to counter the existing law (i.e. th e Work Choices) and the purpose of this new proposed set of laws as announced by the Labour government was to overcome the drawbacks of the previous law, which would be completely dropped and modified (Stewart, 2009: 33-40). While developing the Fair Work Act, 2009 the Rudd- Gillard Labor government endorsed this new legislation as a marked departure from the previous law, which was aimed at ensuring workers’ rights and was described as a relatively more accountable and balanced law, developed taking into consideration the interests of both the employees as well as employers. It was further claimed that the act is likely to bring about the much desired economic development through increased productivity and further the national objectives (Spoehr, 2009: 311-313). The Fair Work Bill was first introduced in the year 2008 and presented in the House of Representatives in November 2008. After a thorough inspection and deliberation over the same, it was finally passed in the senate with a couple of amendments and was then approved by the Governor General in the following months, in April 2009. The new bill (i.e. the Fair Work Bill) was viewed as a major milestone in the history of labour reforms, as it targeted the workers’ rights, more than the rights of the unions, and it sought to bring about major changes which were never witnessed ever before in the entire Australian history. It was seen as a welcome change as compared to the

Focusing on the Market Research Society (MRS), does its code of Essay

Focusing on the Market Research Society (MRS), does its code of conduct play an effective role in governing research in this country and so help protect vulnerable groups - Essay Example The key areas that MRS focuses in the protection of vulnerable people are consent and protection of personal data. In accordance with MRS code of conduct, researchers should ensure that participation in the researches is based on voluntary and informed consent. On the other hand, MRS always recognizes young people and children as vulnerable individuals. As such, consent from a parent or guardian is required before research. Researchers are advised not to involve minors in studies on products and topics which are prohibited for their age group (Sarstedt & Mooi, 2014). MRS has invested a lot of resources and time in ensuring that the business research sector appreciates and understands the data protection laws. MRS offers training programs, legal and standards briefings, and guidance to members of the research community. Additionally, MRS provides regional campaigns on the themes of data security and data protection. Although MRS recognizes the need to update the current laws because of advancing technology in the field, business should not overlook the current framework. When businesses have a clear understanding of the code of conduct in the research field, they can conduct and make decisions on data collection and use, with confidence that they meet the legal responsibilities. It is not only the businesses that benefit but also the vulnerable parties involved in the

W.E Dubois Essay Example for Free

W.E Dubois Essay William Edward Burghardt Du Bois, known as W.E.B. Du Bois, was born on February 23, 1868, in Great Barrington, Massachusetts. In 1885, he moved to Nashville, Tennessee, to attend Fisk University. It was there that he first encountered Jim Crow laws. For the first time, he began analyzing the deep troubles of American racism. After earning his bachelors degree at Fisk, Du Bois entered Harvard University. After completing his masters degree, he was selected for a study-abroad program at the University of Berlin. While in Germany, he studied with some of the most prominent social scientists of his day and was exposed to political perspectives that he remembered for the remainder of his life. In 1895, he became the first African American to earn a doctorate from Harvard University. A year later, Du Bois published The Philadelphia Negro, marking the beginning of his writing career. In 1903, he published The Souls of Black Folk, a collection of 14 essays. In the years following, he adamantly opposed the idea of biological white superiority and vocally supported womens rights. In 1909, he co-founded the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) and served as the editor of the associations monthly magazine, The Crisis. Du Bois was a proponent of Pan Africanism and helped organize several Pan African Congresses to free African colonies from European powers. He died on August 27, 1963, at the age of 95 in Accra, Ghana, while working on an encyclopedia of the African Diaspora.